{"id":198744,"date":"2026-02-18T13:18:12","date_gmt":"2026-02-18T12:18:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/un-biomaterial-que-se-fortalece-con-el-agua-podria-ser-una-alternativa-al-plastico\/"},"modified":"2026-02-18T13:18:12","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T12:18:12","slug":"un-biomaterial-que-se-fortalece-con-el-agua-podria-ser-una-alternativa-al-plastico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/un-biomaterial-que-se-fortalece-con-el-agua-podria-ser-una-alternativa-al-plastico\/","title":{"rendered":"Un biomaterial que se fortalece con el agua podr\u00eda ser una alternativa al pl\u00e1stico"},"content":{"rendered":"

Un estudio liderado por el Instituto de Bioingenier\u00eda de Catalu\u00f1a (IBEC) demuestra que el quitosano \u2014un pol\u00edmero natural obtenido de las c\u00e1scaras de gambas\u2014 puede transformarse en un material m\u00e1s robusto cuando se moja. El hallazgo revierte una de las grandes limitaciones de los biomateriales, que suelen debilitarse con la hidrataci\u00f3n, y plantea una v\u00eda para crear alternativas sostenibles a los pl\u00e1sticos convencionales.<\/p>\n

Los investigadores incorporaron n\u00edquel, un oligoelemento presente en la naturaleza, a la estructura del quitosano. Tras formar l\u00e1minas delgadas, comprobaron que el material incrementa su resistencia hasta un 50 % tras la inmersi\u00f3n en agua. El mecanismo se basa en una red din\u00e1mica de enlaces reversibles que se reorganizan gracias a los iones de n\u00edquel y a las mol\u00e9culas de agua. Esa reconfiguraci\u00f3n permite absorber tensiones mec\u00e1nicas imitando el comportamiento de ciertos tejidos biol\u00f3gicos.<\/p>\n

El equipo incorpor\u00f3 n\u00edquel, un oligoelemento presente en la naturaleza, a la estructura del quitosano. Tras formar l\u00e1minas delgadas, comprobaron que el material incrementa su resistencia hasta un 50 % tras la inmersi\u00f3n en agua\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Biol\u00f3gicamente puro<\/h2>\n

\u201cEl material sigue siendo biol\u00f3gicamente puro; es esencialmente la misma mol\u00e9cula que existe en los caparazones de insectos y hongos\u201d, explica Javier G. Fern\u00e1ndez, investigador del IBEC y l\u00edder del trabajo, publicado en Nature Communications. Esa pureza facilita su reintegraci\u00f3n en los ciclos naturales\u00a0sin generar residuos persistentes.<\/p>\n

El descubrimiento se inspira en la cut\u00edcula de los artr\u00f3podos y en observaciones previas sobre la acci\u00f3n de metales en estructuras naturales. Seg\u00fan los autores, el agua se convierte aqu\u00ed en un componente activo del sistema y deja de ser un enemigo de los biopol\u00edmeros. Fern\u00e1ndez resume el principio como \u201cun material en el que ser \u2018blando\u2019 a escala molecular lo hace m\u00e1s fuerte\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Prueba de resistencia del nuevo material. \/ IBEC<\/p>\n

document.addEventListener(\u00abDOMContentLoaded\u00bb, function() {
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El proceso de fabricaci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n incorpora un ciclo cerrado de n\u00edquel: el metal que no participa en la estructura se recupera durante la hidraci\u00f3n inicial y se reutiliza para producir nuevas tandas de material. El m\u00e9todo logra as\u00ed un uso del n\u00edquel del 100 %, sin generar residuos y con costes reducidos.<\/p>\n


\n \"Modifican
\n <\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Modifican una bacteria para que \u2018aprenda\u2019 a descomponer pl\u00e1stico sin ADN externo<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n


\n SINC
\n <\/a> <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Escalabilidad\u00a0<\/h2>\n

La escalabilidad es uno de los argumentos clave del trabajo. La quitina \u2014de la que deriva el quitosano\u2014 se produce en la naturaleza a gran escala. \u201cCada a\u00f1o, el mundo genera unas cien mil millones de toneladas de quitina, el equivalente a tres siglos de producci\u00f3n de pl\u00e1stico\u201d, se\u00f1ala\u00a0Akshayakumar Kompa,\u00a0investigador posdoctoral del grupo de Fern\u00e1ndez y primer autor del estudio.\u00a0Esa abundancia permitir\u00eda una fabricaci\u00f3n distribuida y adaptada a recursos locales, desde restos de marisco hasta residuos org\u00e1nicos o subproductos f\u00fangicos.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Cada a\u00f1o, se generan unas cien mil millones de toneladas de quitina en el mundo, el equivalente a tres siglos de producci\u00f3n de pl\u00e1stico. Esa abundancia permitir\u00eda una fabricaci\u00f3n distribuida y adaptada a recursos locales, desde restos de marisco hasta residuos org\u00e1nicos o subproductos f\u00fangico<\/p>\n

Akshayakumar Kompa (IBEC)
\n
\n<\/a><\/p>\n

Aplicaciones en agricultura, artes de pesca y embalaje<\/h2>\n

Las primeras aplicaciones podr\u00edan darse en agricultura, artes de pesca y embalaje, especialmente en contextos relacionados con el agua, donde se necesitan materiales biodegradables y resistentes. Adem\u00e1s, tanto el n\u00edquel como el quitosano cuentan ya con el aval de la FDA para ciertos usos m\u00e9dicos, lo que abre la posibilidad de desarrollar recubrimientos impermeables para dispositivos sanitarios.<\/p>\n

El equipo tambi\u00e9n ha demostrado que el material puede formar recipientes estancos, como vasos o l\u00e1minas de gran tama\u00f1o, lo que refuerza su potencial como sustituto de pl\u00e1sticos de un solo uso. Los investigadores creen que otros metales podr\u00edan generar efectos similares y ampliar la gama de biomateriales reforzados por hidrataci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

\u201cEste es solo el primer estudio. Ahora que sabemos que este efecto existe, podemos buscar nuevas combinaciones y nuevos materiales\u201d, apunta Fern\u00e1ndez. Para los autores, el hallazgo marca un cambio de mentalidad: en lugar de aislar los materiales del entorno, se trata de dise\u00f1arlos para que trabajen con \u00e9l y formen parte de ciclos ecol\u00f3gicos sin dejar huella.<\/p>\n

Referencia:<\/p>\n

Akshayakumar Kompa and Javier G Fernandez. Stronger when wet:\u00a0\u201cAquatically robust chitinous objects via zero-waste coordination with metallic ions\u201d.\u00a0Nature Communications<\/a> (2026).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un estudio liderado por el Instituto de Bioingenier\u00eda de Catalu\u00f1a (IBEC) demuestra que el quitosano \u2014un pol\u00edmero natural obtenido de las c\u00e1scaras de gambas\u2014 puede transformarse en un material m\u00e1s robusto cuando se moja. El hallazgo revierte una de las grandes limitaciones de los biomateriales, que suelen debilitarse con la hidrataci\u00f3n, y plantea una v\u00eda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-198744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-noticias"],"yoast_head":"\nUn biomaterial que se fortalece con el agua podr\u00eda ser una alternativa al pl\u00e1stico - bip4ex<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/un-biomaterial-que-se-fortalece-con-el-agua-podria-ser-una-alternativa-al-plastico\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un biomaterial que se fortalece con el agua podr\u00eda ser una alternativa al pl\u00e1stico\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un estudio liderado por el Instituto de Bioingenier\u00eda de Catalu\u00f1a (IBEC) demuestra que el quitosano \u2014un pol\u00edmero natural obtenido de las c\u00e1scaras de gambas\u2014 puede transformarse en un material m\u00e1s robusto cuando se moja. 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