{"id":203066,"date":"2026-04-16T13:28:13","date_gmt":"2026-04-16T12:28:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/por-que-los-neandertales-coleccionaban-dientes-de-rinoceronte\/"},"modified":"2026-04-16T13:28:13","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T12:28:13","slug":"por-que-los-neandertales-coleccionaban-dientes-de-rinoceronte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/por-que-los-neandertales-coleccionaban-dientes-de-rinoceronte\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 los neandertales coleccionaban dientes de rinoceronte?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Los neandertales procedentes de Espa\u00f1a y Francia empleaban dientes de\u00a0rinoceronte\u00a0y restos de otros animales para confeccionar herramientas duraderas, seg\u00fan expone una investigaci\u00f3n publicada en\u00a0The Journal Human Evolution.\u00a0<\/p>\n

De forma general, el uso de estos materiales se deb\u00eda a su resistente composici\u00f3n y versatilidad. Los investigadores del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Francia sugieren que pod\u00edan emplearse en la fabricaci\u00f3n de\u00a0martillos blandos\u00a0y yunques.<\/p>\n

Las hip\u00f3tesis apuntan a que su uso se relacionaba con la confecci\u00f3n de\u00a0herramientas de percusi\u00f3n\u00a0directa<\/p>\n

Dado el tipo de marcas identificadas en los registros \u00f3seos, las hip\u00f3tesis apuntan a que su uso se relacionaba con la confecci\u00f3n de herramientas de percusi\u00f3n directa, es decir instrumentos dise\u00f1ados para aplicar fuerza manual con el fin de romper, clavar y deformar otros materiales duros como las rocas.<\/p>\n

Asimismo, los expertos a\u00f1aden que estos registros pod\u00edan haber sido utilizados como materia prima para producir grandes lascas de esmalte y dentina, aunque en sus experimentos observaron que los dientes de rinocerontes no eran \u00f3ptimos para la producci\u00f3n de este tipo de materiales.<\/p>\n


\n \"Los
\n <\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Los neandertales usaban el alquitr\u00e1n de abedul como un antibi\u00f3tico primitivo<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

EFE<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Registros en Espa\u00f1a y Francia<\/h2>\n

Para saberlo, emplearon un enfoque multidisciplinar que\u00a0combin\u00f3 an\u00e1lisis tafon\u00f3micos\u00a0(que estudia los procesos de fosilizaci\u00f3n) y t\u00e9cnicas de imagen microsc\u00f3pica para analizar varios registros dentales procedentes de distintas colecciones arqueol\u00f3gicas.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Las marcas identificadas en 281 dientes de los yacimientos de\u00a0El Castillo (Espa\u00f1a)\u00a0y\u00a0Pech-de-l\u2019Aze II (Francia)\u00a0presentaron fracturas de desprendimiento de esmalte en su superficie, lo que sugiri\u00f3 que estos materiales formaron parte del conjunto de herramientas de los neandertales y en el desarrollo de su tecnolog\u00eda.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s, observaron que las marcas se encontraban en dientes con un\u00a0desgaste avanzado, por lo que creen que estos grupos primitivos podr\u00edan haberse centrado en rinocerontes de mayor edad porque eran presas m\u00e1s sencillas y su morfolog\u00eda dental era m\u00e1s plana y vers\u00e1til para fabricar herramientas c\u00f3modas.\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Coleccionaban dientes<\/h2>\n

Por otro lado, el an\u00e1lisis de microdesgaste dental en los registros de El Castillo y Pech-de-l\u2019Az\u00e9 II descarta que las marcas se produjeran durante la vida de los animales y confirma que ocurrieron despu\u00e9s de su muerte.\u00a0<\/p>\n

La acumulaci\u00f3n de muchos registros \u00f3seos de este tipo sugiere que los neandertales podr\u00edan haberlos acumulado para el dise\u00f1o de nuevas herramientas debido a la mala calidad de las materias primas de la zona \u2013caliza y basalto\u2013 y a su dif\u00edcil acceso al estar en entornos boscosos.\u00a0<\/p>\n

El estudio confirma que las marcas no se produjeron durante la vida de los animales, sino despu\u00e9s de su\u00a0muerte<\/p>\n

Concretamente, el esmalte es el componente m\u00e1s duro de los mam\u00edferos, con una composici\u00f3n qu\u00edmica que incluye un 97 % de hidroxiapatita, 1 % de col\u00e1geno y alrededor de un 2 % de agua. Su estructura presenta propiedades mec\u00e1nicas muy vers\u00e1tiles y resistentes a las fracturas, adem\u00e1s de poder soportar grandes fuerzas y actividades de percusi\u00f3n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Las estructura del esmalte de los dientes de rinoceronte es, adem\u00e1s, muy resistente a los choques, lo que pudo haber sido un incentivo para que estos grupos humanos la utilizaran como materia prima, seg\u00fan indican los expertos.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Los resultados resaltan el potencial de los dientes de rinoceronte como herramientas vers\u00e1tiles durante el Paleol\u00edtico Medio en Europa Occidental y contribuyen a la comprensi\u00f3n de las estrategias de subsistencia adaptativas y la cultura material de los neandertales.<\/p>\n

Referencia:\u00a0<\/p>\n

San – Royo, A. et al. Elucidating the use of rhinoceros teeth by Neanderthals: Between\u00a0experiments and the fossil record.\u00a0The Journal Human Evolution<\/a>\u00a02026.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Los neandertales procedentes de Espa\u00f1a y Francia empleaban dientes de\u00a0rinoceronte\u00a0y restos de otros animales para confeccionar herramientas duraderas, seg\u00fan expone una investigaci\u00f3n publicada en\u00a0The Journal Human Evolution.\u00a0 De forma general, el uso de estos materiales se deb\u00eda a su resistente composici\u00f3n y versatilidad. Los investigadores del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Francia sugieren que […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-203066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-noticias"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 los neandertales coleccionaban dientes de rinoceronte? - bip4ex<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/por-que-los-neandertales-coleccionaban-dientes-de-rinoceronte\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 los neandertales coleccionaban dientes de rinoceronte?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Los neandertales procedentes de Espa\u00f1a y Francia empleaban dientes de\u00a0rinoceronte\u00a0y restos de otros animales para confeccionar herramientas duraderas, seg\u00fan expone una investigaci\u00f3n publicada en\u00a0The Journal Human Evolution.\u00a0 De forma general, el uso de estos materiales se deb\u00eda a su resistente composici\u00f3n y versatilidad. 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