{"id":207250,"date":"2026-07-27T07:28:15","date_gmt":"2026-07-27T06:28:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/reprograman-hongos-vivos-para-crear-tejidos-autorreparables-autolimpiables-y-con-proteccion-solar\/"},"modified":"2026-07-27T07:28:15","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T06:28:15","slug":"reprograman-hongos-vivos-para-crear-tejidos-autorreparables-autolimpiables-y-con-proteccion-solar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/reprograman-hongos-vivos-para-crear-tejidos-autorreparables-autolimpiables-y-con-proteccion-solar\/","title":{"rendered":"Reprograman hongos vivos para crear tejidos autorreparables, autolimpiables y con protecci\u00f3n solar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Durante los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, el desarrollo de materiales vivos ingenierizados (en ingl\u00e9s,\u00a0Engineered Living Materials o ELMs) ha buscado integrar c\u00e9lulas vivas en estructuras macrosc\u00f3picas para lograr propiedades autogenerativas. Sin embargo, la gran mayor\u00eda de los procesos de fabricaci\u00f3n con micelio f\u00fangico, uno de los candidatos m\u00e1s prometedores, destru\u00edan la viabilidad celular al emplear calor o secado qu\u00edmico para garantizar estabilidad, eliminando toda capacidad de adaptaci\u00f3n del hongo.<\/p>\n

Ahora, un equipo de cient\u00edficos del Instituto de Tecnolog\u00eda Avanzada de Shenzhen (China) ha dise\u00f1ado una plataforma capaz de preservar la actividad metab\u00f3lica del hongo en l\u00e1minas textiles flexibles y con resultados visualmente espectaculares.<\/p>\n


\n \"El
\n <\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

El mapa mundial de la red subterr\u00e1nea de hongos revela que mide mil millones de veces la distancia entre Tierra y Sol<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n


\n Mar\u00eda G. Dionis
\n <\/a> <\/p>\n

El estudio, publicado<\/a>\u00a0en la revista Science Advances, detalla c\u00f3mo el uso de agregados de micelio (pellets) moldeados a baja energ\u00eda y tratados con glicerol permite obtener una matriz duradera. Este plastificante rompe la red r\u00edgida de enlaces de hidr\u00f3geno de la pared celular f\u00fangica, aumentando su ductilidad en un 50 % sin comprometer la resistencia del tejido ni romper la viabilidad de sus c\u00e9lulas.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Un chasis biol\u00f3gico ‘enchufable’<\/h2>\n

La preservaci\u00f3n de la vida celular en el textil permite que este\u00a0responda activamente a su entorno. Al aplicar gotas de soluci\u00f3n nutritiva sobre zonas espec\u00edficas, el hongo forma patrones personalizados o regenera la capa exterior. Esta microestructura superficial le confiere al tejido una fuerte hidrofobicidad, haciendo que las gotas de agua o residuos resbalen r\u00e1pidamente, lo que dota al material de propiedades autolimpiables sin tener que a\u00f1adir aditivos sint\u00e9ticos.<\/p>\n

Para dotar al material de color sin usar tintes contaminantes, el equipo incorpor\u00f3 variantes gen\u00e9ticamente modificadas de la levadura Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s, los investigadores han demostrado que la estructura interna del tejido funciona como una plataforma donde se pueden integrar otros microorganismos de forma modular. \u201cNuestra arquitectura permite la integraci\u00f3n de socios microbianos sin necesidad de modificar gen\u00e9ticamente el hongo principal\u201d, explican los autores del trabajo. Lo que en inform\u00e1tica se conoce como\u00a0plug and play.<\/p>\n

Para dotar al material de color sin usar tintes contaminantes, el equipo incorpor\u00f3 variantes gen\u00e9ticamente modificadas de la levadura Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Al anclarse de forma estable a la quitina del hongo, la levadura produce pigmentos biol\u00f3gicos que van desde tonos azules hasta p\u00farpuras. Del mismo modo, la adici\u00f3n del hongo Aspergillus niger genera una capa rica en melanina capaz de bloquear la radiaci\u00f3n ultravioleta y actuar como un potente antioxidante.<\/p>\n

\"Una<\/p>\n

Una prenda de cuerpo entero que incorpora componentes textiles f\u00fangicos producidos mediante la plataforma f\u00fangica programable descrita en este estudio. \/ Courtesy of Ke Li et al.<\/p>\n

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<\/a><\/p>\n

Transici\u00f3n hacia una moda circular<\/h2>\n

Como demostraci\u00f3n pr\u00e1ctica, los cient\u00edficos confeccionaron un vestido prototipo ensamblado a partir de diferentes m\u00f3dulos textiles vivos, integrando zonas autolimpiables y paneles coloreados biol\u00f3gicamente. Al final de su vida \u00fatil, el material demostr\u00f3 una biodegradaci\u00f3n casi completa al ser enterrado en suelo en un plazo de 41 d\u00edas.<\/p>\n

Al final de su vida \u00fatil, el material demostr\u00f3 una biodegradaci\u00f3n casi completa al ser enterrado en suelo en un plazo de 41 d\u00edas<\/p>\n

Los an\u00e1lisis de ciclo de vida confirman el menor impacto ambiental de estos textiles a base de hongos frente a las fibras sint\u00e9ticas tradicionales, derivadas del petr\u00f3leo. Los investigadores se\u00f1alan que este avance abre las puertas al uso de materiales vivos en sectores de uso temporal o de econom\u00eda circular, tales como el envasado biodegradable, el vestuario t\u00e9cnico adaptativo o la arquitectura sostenible.<\/p>\n

Referencia:<\/p>\n

Ke Li et al, \u201cA programmable fungal platform for engineered living textiles\u201d.\u00a0Science Advances<\/a>, 2026.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Durante los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, el desarrollo de materiales vivos ingenierizados (en ingl\u00e9s,\u00a0Engineered Living Materials o ELMs) ha buscado integrar c\u00e9lulas vivas en estructuras macrosc\u00f3picas para lograr propiedades autogenerativas. Sin embargo, la gran mayor\u00eda de los procesos de fabricaci\u00f3n con micelio f\u00fangico, uno de los candidatos m\u00e1s prometedores, destru\u00edan la viabilidad celular al emplear calor o […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-207250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-noticias"],"yoast_head":"\nReprograman hongos vivos para crear tejidos autorreparables, autolimpiables y con protecci\u00f3n solar - bip4ex<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/reprograman-hongos-vivos-para-crear-tejidos-autorreparables-autolimpiables-y-con-proteccion-solar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Reprograman hongos vivos para crear tejidos autorreparables, autolimpiables y con protecci\u00f3n solar\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Durante los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, el desarrollo de materiales vivos ingenierizados (en ingl\u00e9s,\u00a0Engineered Living Materials o ELMs) ha buscado integrar c\u00e9lulas vivas en estructuras macrosc\u00f3picas para lograr propiedades autogenerativas. 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