{"id":209537,"date":"2026-10-05T12:28:30","date_gmt":"2026-10-05T11:28:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/deisseroth-hegemann-y-nagel-ganan-el-nobel-de-medicina-por-sus-descubrimientos-de-optogenetica\/"},"modified":"2026-10-05T12:28:30","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T11:28:30","slug":"deisseroth-hegemann-y-nagel-ganan-el-nobel-de-medicina-por-sus-descubrimientos-de-optogenetica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/deisseroth-hegemann-y-nagel-ganan-el-nobel-de-medicina-por-sus-descubrimientos-de-optogenetica\/","title":{"rendered":"Deisseroth, Hegemann y Nagel ganan el Nobel de Medicina por sus descubrimientos de optogen\u00e9tica"},"content":{"rendered":"

El Premio Nobel de 2026 en Fisiolog\u00eda o Medicina ha sido otorgado a los alemanes Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann y el estadounidense Georg Nagel \u201cpor sus descubrimientos relativos a los canales i\u00f3nicos activados por luz y la optogen\u00e9tica\u201d, seg\u00fan ha explicado el comit\u00e9 sueco esta ma\u00f1ana.<\/p>\n

La optogen\u00e9tica es un m\u00e9todo que permite demostrar c\u00f3mo las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas dan forma a los recuerdos, las emociones y los comportamientos en el cerebro vivo<\/p>\n

La optogen\u00e9tica es un m\u00e9todo que permite demostrar c\u00f3mo las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas dan forma a los recuerdos, las emociones y los comportamientos en el cerebro vivo. Peter Hegemann y Georg Nagel descubrieron una prote\u00edna extraordinaria, la canalrodopsina, en un alga unicelular.<\/p>\n

Karl Deisseroth transform\u00f3 la prote\u00edna en un interruptor controlado por la luz para las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas. As\u00ed, seg\u00fan apunta la academia sueca en un comunicado, \u201clos galardonados han sentado las bases de una nueva era en la neurociencia\u201d.<\/p>\n


\n \"Brunkow,
\n <\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Brunkow, Ramsdell y Sakaguchi ganan el Nobel de Medicina 2025 por sus hallazgos sobre el sistema inmunitario<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n


\n SINC
\n <\/a> <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Un croquis lleno de interrogantes<\/h2>\n

La forma en que el cerebro regula las emociones, los comportamientos y las funciones corporales ha sido durante mucho tiempo un misterio. En el siglo XX, en ciencia se comenz\u00f3 a estudiar qu\u00e9 \u00e1reas del cerebro influyen en qu\u00e9 funciones, pero los m\u00e9todos utilizados no les permit\u00edan demostrar relaciones causales. La imagen que se desarroll\u00f3 del cerebro era como un croquis, lleno de interrogantes e inc\u00f3gnitas. Ahora todo esto est\u00e1 cambiando.<\/p>\n

A principios de la d\u00e9cada de 2000, Peter Hegemann y Georg Nagel descubrieron la canalrodopsina<\/p>\n

\u201cLa optogen\u00e9tica ofrece oportunidades para cartografiar el cerebro de una forma con la que antes solo pod\u00edamos so\u00f1ar\u201d, afirma Per Svenningsson, presidente del Comit\u00e9 Nobel de Fisiolog\u00eda o Medicina.<\/p>\n

Todo comenz\u00f3 con la curiosidad de Peter Hegemann. Se preguntaba c\u00f3mo la Chlamydomonas, un alga unicelular, es capaz de nadar hacia una fuente de luz. A principios de la d\u00e9cada de 2000, \u00e9l y Georg Nagel descubrieron la canalrodopsina, una prote\u00edna de las algas con propiedades \u00fanicas, presente en la superficie de la c\u00e9lula.<\/p>\n

Cuando se ilumina con luz azul, se abre un canal a trav\u00e9s de la prote\u00edna. A continuaci\u00f3n, los iones cargados fluyen hacia el interior de la c\u00e9lula, generando un impulso el\u00e9ctrico. Descubrieron que, independientemente de la c\u00e9lula en la que introdujeran la prote\u00edna, dichas c\u00e9lulas se volv\u00edan sensibles a la luz.<\/p>\n


\n \"Kitagawa,
\n <\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Kitagawa, Robson y Yaghi ganan el Nobel de Qu\u00edmica 2025 por sus trabajos en estructuras organomet\u00e1licas<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n


\n SINC
\n <\/a> <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Un interruptor controlado por luz<\/h2>\n

Treas esto, Karl Deisseroth introdujo el gen de la canalrodopsina en neuronas de ratas. Al iluminar las c\u00e9lulas con luz azul, logr\u00f3 desencadenar una se\u00f1al nerviosa. Public\u00f3 este avance en 2005.<\/p>\n

Este m\u00e9todo para controlar las se\u00f1ales nerviosas con luz se denomina ahora optogen\u00e9tica<\/p>\n

Dos a\u00f1os m\u00e1s tarde, consigui\u00f3 que este interruptor controlado por luz para las neuronas funcionara en los cerebros de ratones vivos. Este m\u00e9todo para controlar las se\u00f1ales nerviosas con luz se denomina ahora optogen\u00e9tica y ha adquirido r\u00e1pidamente relevancia mundial.<\/p>\n

Gracias a la optogen\u00e9tica, los investigadores han podido revelar los circuitos neuronales que regulan recuerdos, emociones y comportamientos espec\u00edficos relacionados con trastornos neurol\u00f3gicos y psiqui\u00e1tricos. En medicina cl\u00ednica, los investigadores est\u00e1n utilizando este m\u00e9todo para intentar restaurar la vista en personas con discapacidad visual.<\/p>\n

La optogen\u00e9tica ha transformado radicalmente nuestra comprensi\u00f3n del cerebro, dice el comit\u00e9 sueco. \u201cCada d\u00eda surgen nuevos descubrimientos que contribuyen a resolver uno de los grandes misterios de la humanidad: c\u00f3mo funciona nuestro incre\u00edble cerebro\u201d.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El Premio Nobel de 2026 en Fisiolog\u00eda o Medicina ha sido otorgado a los alemanes Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann y el estadounidense Georg Nagel \u201cpor sus descubrimientos relativos a los canales i\u00f3nicos activados por luz y la optogen\u00e9tica\u201d, seg\u00fan ha explicado el comit\u00e9 sueco esta ma\u00f1ana. La optogen\u00e9tica es un m\u00e9todo que permite demostrar c\u00f3mo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-209537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-noticias"],"yoast_head":"\nDeisseroth, Hegemann y Nagel ganan el Nobel de Medicina por sus descubrimientos de optogen\u00e9tica - bip4ex<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/deisseroth-hegemann-y-nagel-ganan-el-nobel-de-medicina-por-sus-descubrimientos-de-optogenetica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Deisseroth, Hegemann y Nagel ganan el Nobel de Medicina por sus descubrimientos de optogen\u00e9tica\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El Premio Nobel de 2026 en Fisiolog\u00eda o Medicina ha sido otorgado a los alemanes Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann y el estadounidense Georg Nagel \u201cpor sus descubrimientos relativos a los canales i\u00f3nicos activados por luz y la optogen\u00e9tica\u201d, seg\u00fan ha explicado el comit\u00e9 sueco esta ma\u00f1ana. 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