{"id":89041,"date":"2025-03-28T13:28:13","date_gmt":"2025-03-28T12:28:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/asi-logra-ocultarse-el-cancer-de-piel-y-resistir-a-la-inmunoterapia\/"},"modified":"2025-03-28T13:28:13","modified_gmt":"2025-03-28T12:28:13","slug":"asi-logra-ocultarse-el-cancer-de-piel-y-resistir-a-la-inmunoterapia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/asi-logra-ocultarse-el-cancer-de-piel-y-resistir-a-la-inmunoterapia\/","title":{"rendered":"As\u00ed logra ocultarse el c\u00e1ncer de piel y resistir a la inmunoterapia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Un equipo del Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncol\u00f3gicas (CNIO) descubre la causa por la que los melanomas y otros tumores escapan a la vigilancia del sistema inmunitario. Este es uno de los retos de la oncolog\u00eda actual y raz\u00f3n por la que m\u00e1s de la mitad de los pacientes no responden a las terapias actuales.<\/p>\n

El melanoma cut\u00e1neo, la forma m\u00e1s agresiva del c\u00e1ncer de piel, se caracteriza por acumular un gran n\u00famero de mutaciones. Si no se trata, se expande hacia otros \u00f3rganos y desarrolla resistencia a las inmunoterapias convencionales.<\/p>\n

Midkine\u00a0act\u00faa como \u2018escudo y acelerador\u2019 al mismo tiempo: previene el reconocimiento y la eliminaci\u00f3n de las c\u00e9lulas tumorales<\/p>\n

En condiciones normales, el sistema inmune puede reconocer c\u00e9lulas cancerosas y eliminarlas. El estudio, liderado por Marisol Soengas y publicado en Nature Cancer, desvela que las c\u00e9lulas de melanoma secretan una prote\u00edna, llamada Midkine, que es capaz de ocultar a los melanomas del sistema inmunitario. Lo hace a trav\u00e9s de la reducci\u00f3n de c\u00e9lulas especializadas en reconocer los tumores \u2014c\u00e9lulas dendr\u00edticas\u2014 reprogram\u00e1ndolas para alterar su funcionamiento.<\/p>\n

En este sentido, Midkine act\u00faa como \u2018escudo y acelerador\u2019 al mismo tiempo: previene el reconocimiento y la eliminaci\u00f3n de las c\u00e9lulas tumorales, adem\u00e1s de facilitar de forma activa que las malignas progresen y se diseminen, explica Soengas.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Apag\u00f3n del sistema inmune<\/h2>\n

En un estadio previo al c\u00e1ncer, las\u00a0c\u00e9lulas dendr\u00edticas\u00a0funcionan como una patrulla que identifican las mol\u00e9culas extra\u00f1as en pat\u00f3genos como virus, bater\u00edas o tumores. Tras su labor, presentan esta informaci\u00f3n a las c\u00e9lulas defensivas, los\u00a0linfocitos T citot\u00f3xicos, para que eliminen todo agente maligno.<\/p>\n

Las\u00a0c\u00e9lulas dendr\u00edticas\u00a0funcionan como una patrulla que identifican las mol\u00e9culas extra\u00f1as en pat\u00f3genos como virus, bater\u00edas o tumores.<\/p>\n

Sin embargo, \u201ca trav\u00e9s de Midkine, el melanoma no solo apaga el sistema inmunitario, sino que lo pervierte a su favor, contribuyendo de forma activa a diseminarse\u201d, concluye la investigadora.<\/p>\n

Tras descubrir c\u00f3mo Midkine bloquea el sistema inmunitario, la investigaci\u00f3n de Soengas se orient\u00f3 hacia el desarrollo de tratamientos en animales para impedir la acci\u00f3n de la prote\u00edna y mejorar la eficacia de las vacunas dirigidas a las c\u00e9lulas dendr\u00edticas.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Reactivar el sistema como terapia<\/h2>\n

De hecho, una de las claves de su estudio fue evitar que Midkine actuara y facilitar la acci\u00f3n terap\u00e9utica de una de las formas m\u00e1s comunes de inmunoterapia, los llamados\u00a0puntos de control inmunitario.<\/p>\n

La acci\u00f3n de Midkine\u00a0se encuentra en c\u00e1nceres similares, como el de pulm\u00f3n, mama, endometrio, gl\u00e1ndula suprarrenal o el mesotelioma, entre otros.<\/p>\n

\u201cNuestros resultados sugieren que la inhibici\u00f3n de la prote\u00edna Midkine podr\u00eda reactivar las c\u00e9lulas dendr\u00edticas y mejorar las terapias contra distintos tipos de tumores agresivos\u201d, a\u00f1ade Soengas.<\/p>\n

Esto se debe a que la acci\u00f3n de Midkine\u00a0se encuentra en c\u00e1nceres similares, como el de pulm\u00f3n, mama, endometrio, gl\u00e1ndula suprarrenal o el mesotelioma, entre otros.<\/p>\n

Referencia<\/p>\n

Catena. X,\u00a0et al.\u00a0\u201cSystemic rewiring of dendritic cells by melanoma-secreted midkine impairs immune surveillance and response to immune checkpoint blockade. Nature Cancer<\/a> (2025).\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un equipo del Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncol\u00f3gicas (CNIO) descubre la causa por la que los melanomas y otros tumores escapan a la vigilancia del sistema inmunitario. Este es uno de los retos de la oncolog\u00eda actual y raz\u00f3n por la que m\u00e1s de la mitad de los pacientes no responden a las terapias actuales. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-89041","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-noticias"],"yoast_head":"\nAs\u00ed logra ocultarse el c\u00e1ncer de piel y resistir a la inmunoterapia - bip4ex<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/asi-logra-ocultarse-el-cancer-de-piel-y-resistir-a-la-inmunoterapia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"As\u00ed logra ocultarse el c\u00e1ncer de piel y resistir a la inmunoterapia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un equipo del Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncol\u00f3gicas (CNIO) descubre la causa por la que los melanomas y otros tumores escapan a la vigilancia del sistema inmunitario. 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