{"id":98639,"date":"2025-04-11T08:28:41","date_gmt":"2025-04-11T07:28:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/miden-el-limite-superior-mas-preciso-para-la-masa-de-los-neutrinos\/"},"modified":"2025-04-11T08:28:41","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T07:28:41","slug":"miden-el-limite-superior-mas-preciso-para-la-masa-de-los-neutrinos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/miden-el-limite-superior-mas-preciso-para-la-masa-de-los-neutrinos\/","title":{"rendered":"Miden el l\u00edmite superior m\u00e1s preciso para la masa de los neutrinos"},"content":{"rendered":"

Los neutrinos son unas part\u00edculas subat\u00f3micas a\u00fan rodeadas de inc\u00f3gnitas, entre ellas su masa. El experimento KATRIN ha logrado la medici\u00f3n m\u00e1s precisa del l\u00edmite superior de ese par\u00e1metro, que ha fijado en\u00a00,45 electrovoltios, lo que significa menos de una millon\u00e9sima parte de la que tiene un electr\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Los neutrinos son las part\u00edculas m\u00e1s ligeras del universo<\/p>\n

Un estudio que publica\u00a0Science, en el que participa la Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (Espa\u00f1a), analiza las \u00faltimas mediciones de KATRIN para establecer el l\u00edmite superior m\u00e1s estricto de la masa efectiva de un\u00a0neutrino electr\u00f3nico\u00a0(una de las tres clases de esta part\u00edcula) realizado en un laboratorio con un nivel de confianza del 90 %.<\/p>\n

KATRIN, un enorme espectr\u00f3metro instalado en Alemania, es una \u00a0colaboraci\u00f3n internacional activa desde 2018 que pondr\u00e1 fin a sus trabajos este a\u00f1o, con el objetivo de medir la masa de esta part\u00edcula, que representa la inc\u00f3gnita m\u00e1s importante abierta en la f\u00edsica de neutrinos.<\/p>\n

Estas part\u00edculas subat\u00f3micas\u00a0no tienen carga el\u00e9ctrica\u00a0y son las m\u00e1s ligeras del universo, tanto que al principio se cre\u00eda que no ten\u00edan masa, adem\u00e1s interact\u00faan de manera tan d\u00e9bil con la materia que miles de millones atraviesan nuestro cuerpo cada d\u00eda sin que lo notemos.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Forman las estructuras del universo<\/h2>\n

A mayor escala, los neutrinos act\u00faan como\u00a0arquitectos c\u00f3smicos\u00a0y participan en la\u00a0formaci\u00f3n de las estructuras visibles del universo, ya que influyen en la formaci\u00f3n y distribuci\u00f3n de las galaxias.<\/p>\n

El nuevo estudio presenta los resultados de cinco campa\u00f1as de medici\u00f3n de la masa del neutrino<\/p>\n

Esta no es la primera vez que KATRIN publica datos, pues este resultado de 0,45 electrovoltios (la masa de las part\u00edculas se mide en unidades de energ\u00eda) es el tercer refinamiento del l\u00edmite de masa del neutrino.<\/p>\n

El estudio publicado ahora presenta los\u00a0resultados de las cinco primeras campa\u00f1as de medici\u00f3n\u00a0del experimento a lo largo de 259 d\u00edas. Entre 2019 y 2021 se midi\u00f3 la energ\u00eda de unos 36 millones de electrones (primer paso para medir la masa del neutrino), lo que representa un conjunto de datos seis veces mayor que los anteriores.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\nSabores\u00a0de neutrinos<\/h2>\n

Todo lo relacionado con los neutrinos (la part\u00edcula m\u00e1s abundante del universo) es peculiar, as\u00ed a los tres tipos que existen se les denominan\u00a0sabores:\u00a0neutrino electr\u00f3n, neutrino\u00a0mu\u00f3n\u00a0y neutrino\u00a0tau, y tienen la peculiar capacidad de cambiar de sabor mientras viajan por el espacio, un fen\u00f3meno conocido como oscilaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Los neutrinos cambian de sabor mientras viajan por el espacio<\/p>\n

Para medir la masa del neutrino, KATRIN utiliza un is\u00f3topo inestable del hidr\u00f3geno llamado\u00a0tritio, que experimenta un proceso de desintegraci\u00f3n radiactiva conocido como desintegraci\u00f3n beta.<\/p>\n

En ese proceso uno de los neutrones del n\u00facleo del tritio se transforma en prot\u00f3n, emitiendo a la vez un electr\u00f3n y un antineutrino electr\u00f3nico (la antipart\u00edcula del neutrino electr\u00f3nico).<\/p>\n

Analizando la distribuci\u00f3n de la energ\u00eda total de desintegraci\u00f3n entre el electr\u00f3n emitido y el antineutrino electr\u00f3nico, se puede deducir la masa del neutrino.<\/p>\n

La campa\u00f1a de medici\u00f3n de la masa del neutrino del experimento KATRIN terminar\u00e1 este a\u00f1o tras alcanzar los mil d\u00edas de adquisici\u00f3n de datos.<\/p>\n

Referencia:<\/p>\n

Loredana Gastaldo\u00a0et al. \u201cClosing the gap in the neutrino mass\u201d.\u00a0Science<\/a>\u00a0(2025).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Los neutrinos son unas part\u00edculas subat\u00f3micas a\u00fan rodeadas de inc\u00f3gnitas, entre ellas su masa. El experimento KATRIN ha logrado la medici\u00f3n m\u00e1s precisa del l\u00edmite superior de ese par\u00e1metro, que ha fijado en\u00a00,45 electrovoltios, lo que significa menos de una millon\u00e9sima parte de la que tiene un electr\u00f3n. Los neutrinos son las part\u00edculas m\u00e1s ligeras […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-98639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-noticias"],"yoast_head":"\nMiden el l\u00edmite superior m\u00e1s preciso para la masa de los neutrinos - bip4ex<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/helloproject.es\/vigilancia\/miden-el-limite-superior-mas-preciso-para-la-masa-de-los-neutrinos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Miden el l\u00edmite superior m\u00e1s preciso para la masa de los neutrinos\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Los neutrinos son unas part\u00edculas subat\u00f3micas a\u00fan rodeadas de inc\u00f3gnitas, entre ellas su masa. 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